Session Security Splitting and Application Profiler

ABSTRACT

Intelligent methods of providing online security against hackers, which prevents the hackers from obtaining unauthorized access to secure resources. A first application session established between a first client and a first application of a first host device is detected. The first application is associated with a first plurality of security time limits. A duration of the first application session established between the first client and the first application is monitored. One or more first security actions are executed against the first application session responsive to the duration of the first application session reaching a security time limit of the first plurality of security time limits. One or more second security actions are executed against the first application session responsive to the duration of the first application session reaching another security time limit of the first plurality of security time limits.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/416,946, filed May 20, 2019, which claims priority from continuationof U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/438,192, filed Feb. 21, 2017,which claims priority from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/827,230,filed on Aug. 14, 2015, which claims priority from U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application No. 62/105,685, filed on Jan. 20, 2015, the contentsof which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Field of the Invention

The present disclosure relates to computer security against unauthorizedaccess to resources, and more specifically to profiling applications andsplitting sessions and connections of those applications into securitytiers.

2. Field of the Invention

In network communications there are many forms of software and hardwaresecurity, including firewalls and intrusion detection and preventionsystems. But they all fault on one core issue, that if rules are notapplied correctly they can open opportunities for unauthorized access.Operating Systems and Applications today also have many bugs which ifexposed to the internet, can enable remote access to servers hosting theapplications.

Existing firewalls support packet inspection. The inspection is based onrules applied to a configuration in a firewall and have limitations onactive learning because they are not capable of talking to theapplication stack and the application stack having limited capabilitiesto talk to the security stack. The firewalls normally try and reduce thenumber of rules because it creates a huge overhead on every connectionto a host and at scale can cause problems if too many rules are applied.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present disclosure include intelligent methods ofproviding online security against hackers, which prevents the hackersfrom obtaining unauthorized access to secure resources. In oneembodiment, a method of security against unauthorized access toresources is disclosed. A first application session established betweena first client and a first application of a first host device isdetected. The first application is associated with a first plurality ofsecurity time limits that divide security for the first application intosecurity tiers. A duration of the first application session establishedbetween the first client and the first application is monitored. One ormore first security actions are executed against the first applicationsession responsive to the duration of the first application sessionreaching a security time limit of the first plurality of security timelimits. One or more second security actions are executed against thefirst application session responsive to the duration of the firstapplication session reaching another security time limit of the firstplurality of security time limits.

In one embodiment, the security time limits are established through amachine learning process. The process can include monitoring durationsof a plurality of previous application sessions corresponding to thefirst application to generate first session duration data. The firstplurality of security time limits are then determined based on the firstsession duration data for the plurality of previous applicationsessions.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: detecting a secondapplication session established between a second client and a secondapplication of the at least one server, the second applicationassociated with a second plurality of security time limits that dividesecurity for the second application into security tiers; monitoring aduration of the second application session established between thesecond client and the second application; executing the one or morefirst security actions against the second application session responsiveto the duration of the second application session reaching a securitytime limit of the plurality of security time limits; and executing theone or more second security actions against the second applicationsession responsive to the duration of the second application sessionreaching another security time limit of the plurality of security timelimits.

In one embodiment, one of the first security actions or the secondsecurity actions include at least one of: IP lookups, deep packetinspection, malformed packet detection, or enabling honeypot securitysensors. In one embodiment, one of the first security actions or thesecond security actions include isolating the first application sessionfrom other application sessions associated with the at least one hostdevice. Isolating the first application session can comprise moving thefirst application session to a second host device. Isolating the firstapplication session can also comprise maintaining the first applicationsession on the first host device and preventing the other applicationsessions from being established with the first host device.

In one embodiment, the method of online security can also be applied toconnections established for the application sessions. Other embodimentsinclude a non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions.The instructions are executable by at least one processor to implementoperations for preventing unauthorized access to resources.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of networked communication system withsession/connection splitting, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an application session/connection that is splitinto different security tiers, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of application sessions/connections for differentapplications that are split into different security tiers, according toan embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating isolation of an applicationsession/connection, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating isolation of an applicationsession/connection, according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is block diagram of a session/connection manager module from FIG.1, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for profiling sessions/connections foran application and learning of time limits, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for session/connection splittingsecurity, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 9 illustrates the hardware architecture of a computing device,according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to several embodiments of thepresent disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in theaccompanying figures. It is noted that wherever practicable similar orlike reference numbers may be used in the figures and may indicatesimilar or like functionality. The figures depict embodiments of thepresent disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in theart will readily recognize from the following description thatalternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated hereinmay be employed without departing from the principles, or benefitstouted, of the disclosure described herein.

The future of securing online applications is based on machine levellearning of security and allowing the security system to profile averageapplication session flows. The average application session flows canchange triggering points of a multi stage triggering session. The longera session goes on, the higher the risk that the session has beencomprised. Embodiments of the present disclosure will profile a session,and depending on the time or state, will initiate security actions, suchas by analyzing the session for abnormal packet flows or duplicating thepacket flows for playback in a controlled analytics security sandbox.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a component of asecurity system platform that profiles applications to prevent hackersfrom getting access to backend datasets and preventing ongoing access toany dataset. Embodiments of the preset disclosure also split variousapplication sessions found in applications and networks into securitytiers/segments within a single session, and increases the security levelfor each security tier/segment over time. More particularly, embodimentsof the present disclosure can prevent access to unauthorized resourcesthrough the use of escalating security levels for a higher securitysolution. Embodiments of the present disclosure can also splitconnections into security tiers and increase the security level for eachsecurity tier over time.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of networked communication system with sessionand connection splitting security, according to an embodiment. Thesystem includes several client devices 105, a network 110, a router 115,firewall 120, load balancer 125, frontend servers 130, backend server135, and database 140. Computing devices such as the router 115,firewall 120, load balancer 125, frontend server 130, backend server135, and database 140 may form a datacenter that is accessed by theclients 105 via the network 110. Only two clients 105 and two frontendservers 130 are shown in FIG. 1 for ease of illustration. In otherembodiments there may be a larger number of client devices 105 andfrontend servers 130.

Client devices 105 can be computing devices, such as smartphones, tabletcomputers laptop computers and desktop computers, among others. A userinteracts with software of the client devices 105 through an interface,such as a touchscreen or mouse and keyboard. The client devices 105 arecontrolled by the user to establish application sessions and connectionswith various applications hosted by the frontend servers 130.

Frontend servers 130 are server class computing device that can includeone or more processors and executes an operating system. The servers 130host several software applications 150, and may also be referred toherein as a host device. For example, the applications 150 can host acredit card payment application 150A, a website 150B, and an onlinebanking application 150C. Other examples of host devices that hostapplications 150 may be general electronics, phones, tablets, flightcontrol systems in planes, etc.

The client devices 105 can establish networking connections C1-C6 withthe applications 150 via the network 110, router 115, firewall, and loadbalancer 125. A connection is used as a bidirectional communicationchannel between sockets at the client devices 105 and the servers 150.The connection is established at a certain point in time, such as usinga handshake or sometimes no handshake process, and then terminated at alater point in time. The connection may include several states definedby a protocol. One type of connection example is a transmission controlprotocol (TCP) connection under the transport layer of the Open SystemsInterconnect (OSI) model.

The client devices 105 also establish application sessions S1-S6 withthe applications 150 over the connections C1-C6. An application sessionis an interactive information exchange between two or more communicatingentities for a given application. The application session is establishedat a certain point in time, and then terminated at a later point intime. During the application session, one or more messages requestinginformation or responding to requests may be sent in each direction overa connection that has been established for the session. State (e.g.logged in, logged out, idle, uploading, downloading, searching,manipulating or updating existing data, corrupting or removing data,trigger alarms, time counter state, key match, key changed, risk factorstate) for the session may be maintained by either the frontend server130A or the clients 105. In one embodiment, the application sessions aresessions of the OSI session layer that sit above the transport layer.Examples of sessions can be HTTP sessions, FTP sessions, and SMTPsessions, among others.

In one example, a credit card authentication session (e.g. S1, S2) canbe initiated when a user swipes a credit card at a client device 105A,and the client device 105A establishes a connection and session withcredit card payment application 150A. Credit card payment application150A communicates with the client device 105A to obtain the credit cardnumber and charge amount from the client device 105A. The credit cardpayment application 150A then accesses the database 140 via backendserver 135 to determine if the credit card number has sufficient creditto process the payment. The credit card payment application 150A thenprovides a yes/no response to the client device 105A. The connection andsession are then terminated after providing the response to the clientdevice 105A.

In another example, a web form session (e.g. S3, S4) can be initiatedwhen a user enters a URL into a browser at a client 105B. The clientdevice 105B establishes a session with website 150B. The frontend server130A (i.e. webserver) may be processing multiple sessions. The frontendserver 130A starts a time counter per session. The user has x amount oftime to fill out a form before the session closes. A different front endserver 130B may process the form submission from the initial session dueto the time it takes to fill out the web form data.

In a further example, an online banking session (e.g. S5, S6) can beinitiated when a user opens a mobile banking application at the clientdevice 105B, and the client device 105B establishes a connection andsession with online banking application 150C. Online banking application150C communicates with the client device 105C to obtain authenticationinformation from the client device 105C. Once authenticated, the clientdevice 105C can request account balances, upload copies of checks fordeposit, and make other banking requests. The banking application 150Ccan access account information stored in database 140 via backend server135 to process these requests.

Backend server 135 provides access to data stored in database 140. Anyof the applications 150 may request data from the backend server 135,which then retrieves the data from the database 140 and provides thedata to the application 150. An example of a backend server 135 is a SQLserver. Hackers often attempt to gain access to the data in the database140 through hacked sessions or connections, and the session/connectionmanager module 152 attempts to detect these hacked sessions andconnections before they successfully access the data. In the case ofhijacked sessions, a hacker will be extending the timeline of thesession and this is where the risk factor increases and thesession/connection manger module 152 can increase security and triggeralerts.

Session/connection manager module 152 provides security against hackedsession/connections. For each session/connection, the session/connectionmanager module 152 divides the session/connection into different timetriggered security tiers. By forcing sessions/connections to be split bytime into security tiers, different actions can be triggered based onthe split tiers of a single session/connection. In each tier, thesession/connection manger module 152 applies one or more securityactions to the session/connection. In one embodiment, a security actionis applied against a session/connection by executing software programcode for the security action on a processing unit (e.g., a processor orcontroller or custom application specific integrated circuit).

Security actions can be actions designed to detect a hacker or toprevent a hacker from successfully completing a hack by analyzing datafrom the session. Examples of security actions can include IP lookups,activating honeypot sensors, session/connection isolation, deep packetinspection, containing sessions/connections, security alerting,session/connection tracing, session/connection recording, applyingmachine learning to sessions/connections and full control/alerting andterminating sessions/connections. Earlier security tiers may includedifferent rules and could be configured to have little to no securityactions to reduce the false positives, while later security tiers mayinclude more resource intensive security actions. In later securitytiers, the session/connection manger module 152 can notify the otherdevices such as the router 115, firewall 120 or load balancer 125 of ahigh risk security session/connection and cause the other devices toapply security actions to the session/connection.

The session/connection manger module 152 monitors the duration of asession/connection, and then advances security from one security tier tothe next once the session/connection duration reaches certain securitytime limits. Most normal sessions/connections are expected to completebefore reaching the security time limits. Only hackedsessions/connections are expected to exceed the security time limits.The more resource intensive security actions are thus applied only tosessions/connections that are at higher risk of being hacked sessions.As a result, increasing the security tiers over time has a technicaladvantage of improving the functioning of the frontend servers 130 byreducing the computing load on the computing hardware, such as processorand memory, of the frontend servers 130 by methodically and increasingsecurity tiers within particular time periods of a session while stillmaintaining a high level of security against hackers.

Having different security actions in different time intervals alsoenables tools to understand what is a normal session and what is ahacked session and terminate, track, trace, record, escalate, analyze,the state of the session accordingly. Additionally, the connection andsession are eventually terminated at the end of the session based on ahacker leaving or being forced to leave. When a hacker returns, certainfingerprint data profiled from the hacker's previous hack attempts canbe used to identifier the hacker and immediately escalate a risk level,which triggers recording or applying more security sensors while thesystem learns how the hacker is attempting to escalate his accessprivileges to the host or backend system. Once connected sessions statesare removed/terminated, the machine learning can self correct the holethat was found and terminate the session to keep the hacker out.

The security time limits may be different for each type of application150. In one embodiment, the session/connection manager module 152determines the security time limits separately for each application viaa machine learning process. The learning process monitors previoussession/connection durations for an application, generatessession/connection duration data from the session/connection durations,and stores the session/connection duration data into applicationsecurity profiles in an application security profiles database 154. Thesecurity time limits for an application's sessions/connections can thenbe determined from the session/connection duration data in theapplication security profile for the application, which results insecurity time limits that are optimally tailored for each application150. In other embodiment, hacked session time limits can be extended forfurther machine learning depending on end user risk factors andconfiguration.

The network 110 represents the communication pathways between theclients 105 and the router 115. Network 110 can include wired networks,wireless networks, or a combination of wired and wireless networks.Router 110 is a networking device that routes data packets betweennetwork 110 and firewall 120. Firewall 120 may filter data traffic andblock certain data packets if they do not meet the firewall rules. Loadbalancer 125 distributes application traffic across a large number ofservers 130.

In one embodiment, session/connection manager model 152 may beimplemented as software instructions, hardware logic, or a combinationof software and hardware. In one embodiment, the session/connectionmanager module 152 can be located elsewhere in the system, such as inthe router 115, firewall 120, load balancer 125, or backend server 135.In other embodiments, the functions of the session/connection managermodule 152 can be distributed across several computing devices.

Turning now to FIG. 2, illustrated is an application session orconnection divided into different security tiers, according to anembodiment. The session/connection of FIG. 2 is split into four securitytiers: security tier A 202, security tier B 204, security tier C 206 andsecurity tier D 208. Each security tier represents a higher level ofsecurity that is applied to the session/connection as the length of thesession/connection increases. Each successive security tier is triggeredby the duration of the application session/connection reaching adifferent security time limit. Each security tier includes severalsecurity stages (i.e. security sub-tiers) during which specific securityactions are performed. Generally speaking, the state of thesession/connection has different stages and the increased security ofthe session/connection increases and different rules and securityactions apply as time passes.

Security tier A 202 is 9 seconds long. A minimal number of securityactions (e.g. no security actions or few security actions) are appliedto the session/connection during security tier A 202. Security actionsare not generally needed during security tier A 202 because most normalapplication sessions/connections are expected to terminate before theend of security tier A 202.

Once the session/connection reaches the 9 second time limit of securitytier A, the security level is increased from security Tier A 202 toSecurity Tier B 204. Security tier B 204 is 9 seconds long and basicsecurity actions are applied to the application session/connectionduring security tier B 204. For example, during stage 4 of security tierB, the IP address of the client device 105 can be looked up to determineif the address is a suspicious address. The IP address may be suspiciousif it originates from certain countries or if the IP address is a proxyserver or predetermined factor analytics results in the IP being flaggedas suspicious. If the IP address is suspicious, the security level maybe immediately elevated to security tier C 206 while skipping anysecurity actions in security stages 5 and 6.

As another example, during stage 5 of security tier B, honeypot securitysensors can be activated. Honeypot security sensors are attached to filefolders that contain fake data and not real data. The folders with fakedata can have security sensors attached to them that generate a securityalert when files in the folder are accessed or the folder is opened. Forexample, a directory structure can include the folders “/home/user1/”“/home/user2/” “/home/user3/”. Real data is stored only in the/home/user3/ folder but not the /home/user1/ or /home/user2/directories. A hacker accessing the directory tree does not know whichdirectory contains real data and which directories are include fakedata. Thus, the hacker will likely open the honeypot folder during thesession/connection and trigger the honeypot security sensor.

Once the session/connection reaches the 9 second time limit of securitytier B 204 (i.e. 18 second time limit from beginning of thesession/connection), the security level is increased from Security TierB 204 to Security Tier C 206. Security tier C 206 is 9 seconds long andintermediate security actions are applied to the applicationsession/connection during security tier C 206. For example, during stage7 of security tier C 206, the application session/connection can beisolated from other application sessions. Session/connection isolationwill be later explained by reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As another example, during stage 8 of security tier C 206, deep packetinspection can be performed on data packets of the applicationsession/connection to determine if the data packets are suspicious. Datapackets can be suspicious if they are determined to include protocolanomalies, SQL injections, or are malformed packets.

As another example, during stage 9 of security tier C, the other networkdevices (e.g. the router 115, firewall 120 or load balancer 125) can benotified of the high risk session. The other network devices can theninitiate their own analysis of data for the high risk session andprovide this information back to the session/connection manager module152.

Once the session/connection reaches the 9 second time limit of securitytier C 206 (i.e. 27 second time limit from beginning of thesession/connection), the security level is increased from security TierC 206 to Security Tier D 208. Security tier D 208 is 9 seconds long andadvanced security actions are applied to the applicationsession/connection during security tier D 208. For example, during stage10 of security tier C 206, the application session/connection can becontained, which cuts off access to real data and only allows access tofake data. During stage 11 of security tier 206, alerting, tracing andrecording can be performed. Alerting involves notifying a networkadministrator of a potentially hacked session such as through email orSMS text. Tracing involves tracing the flow of actions performed duringthe application session, such as the order in which file directorieswere accessed during the application session. Recording involves storingthe data captured during tracing for later offline analysis by 3^(rd)party tools for further investigation. The session/connection can alsobe terminated at the end of stage 12.

The security tiers and stages are all shown to have the same duration inFIG. 2. In other embodiments the security tiers and stages can havedifferent durations. Only a few security actions for a few securitystages are shown in FIG. 2, but other security actions now shown in FIG.2 can also be performed during the other security stages. Additionally,the security actions may be applied in a different order and duringdifferent security stages than that shown in FIG. 2.

Additionally, splitting security into security tiers over time does notnecessarily prevent the session/connection manager module 152 fromrunning high security all the time. Different sets of security rules maysimply be applied during different security tiers 202, 204, 206 and 208.This prevents false positives while also allowing computing resources tobe focused on hacked sessions/connections which typically last longerthan non-hacked sessions/connections. For example, security tier B 204may also include a set of rules that applies deep packet inspection, butonly if the IP lookup indicates the IP is a suspicious IP.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of application sessions/connections for differentapplications that are split into different security tiers, according toan embodiment. The lengths of the security tiers vary depending on thetype of application. For a credit card processing application 150A, thesecurity tiers may be 9 seconds long and each security stage is 3seconds long. For a web application 150B, the security tiers may be 90seconds long and each security stage is 30 seconds long. For an onlinebanking application 150C, the security tiers may be 9 minutes long andeach security stage is 3 minutes long.

Referring to the credit card example, a normal functioning credit cardprocessing application 150A would normally process a transaction within5-10 seconds and give a credit answer of approved or denied by 5-10seconds. Embodiments of the present disclosure profiles the application150A for the average credit card transaction and figures out time basedsession/connection time limits for the system from the average creditcard transaction time.

The security actions performed in the security tiers can be the sameacross applications regardless of the application. For example, IPlookups can occur during security tier B 204 for all three applications.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating isolation of an application session,according to an embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating isolationof an application session, according to another embodiment. FIGS. 4 and5 both illustrate the session/connection isolation security action fromstage 7 of FIG. 2.

The session/connection isolation of FIG. 4 occurs by maintaining thehigh risk session/connection on the original server and allowing othersessions/connections established with the server 130A to complete whilepreventing any new sessions/connections from being established withapplications 150 of that server 130A. Initially, there are six sessionsS1-S6 established with the applications 150, and correspondingconnections C1-C6. It is then determined that session S3 has been openfor an unusually long period of time and should be isolated. To isolatesession S3, sessions S1, S2, S4, S5 and S6 are permitted to complete.However, no new sessions are allowed to be established with server 130A.Eventually session S3 is the only session that is established with theapplications 150 of server 130A, thereby isolating session S3 andconnection C3.

Alternatively, to isolate high risk session S3, the other sessions (S1,S2, S4, S5, S6) can be moved from frontend server 130A to antherfrontend server 130B to be protected against the data being compromisedby a higher risk session S3 or connection. The higher risk session timeextends beyond what is normally allowed and further security actions aretaken against the sessions: analytics are processed against it, packetsrecorded, deeper monitoring starts, the connection/session areterminated with full source data to trace and track what happened or washappening. Dynamic access control lists (ACLs) are put in place for thehigher risk session S3 to be blocked from performing any type of broadsearch, scan, or download of larger datasets. Connections to databases140 can also be removed or limited all depending on the risk factor ofthe session. An IP address associated with the session S3 can also berecorded, and the client 105 may be forced to reconnect. The second timethe session S3 is established the session/connection manager module 152is in full recording mode to record activities of the hacker session S3.The hacker session S3 can be also be manipulated to show bogus data inorder to trick a hacker in falling into thinking he has found data whenhe really hasn't. The backend databases 140 can be also be real orreplaced with fake databases

The session/connection isolation of FIG. 5 occurs by moving asession/connection between servers. Initially, there are six sessionsS1-S6 and corresponding connections C1-C6 established with theapplications 150 on frontend server A 130A. It is then determined thatsession S3 has been open for an unusually long period of time and shouldbe isolated. To isolate session S3, session S3 and connection C3 aremoved from frontend server A 130A to a different frontend server B 130B.The remaining sessions S1, S2, S4, S5 and S6 and connections C1, C2, C4,C5 and C6 are unaffected and remain on frontend server 130A.

As shown in FIG. 5, depending on the time of a session, the state of asession S3 and connection C3 can be moved to another server B 130B bydoing a session hop or mirror. Upstream devices (e.g. router 115,firewall 120, load balancer 125) are also informed of the move. Thisallows for full session/connection migration without disconnecting theusers session/connection or the user detecting a full state move tookplace. If a hacker has been connected to the frontend server 130A inthis case and uploaded a remote script to compromise the server 130A,the session/connection hop will leave the changed application bits onthe previous server 130A and the hackers session/connection will orcould be prevented from functioning. A session/connection hop orfailover can start generating alerts based on the hop and also havemulti levels of state change.

Additionally, the frontend server B 130B may be a specialized securityserver. The specialized security server includes the ability to recordevery session/connection packet in real time and enable playback of thepackets for analyzing how a hacker got into the system, as describedabove.

FIG. 6 is block diagram of a session/connection manager module 152 fromFIG. 1, according to an embodiment. The session/connection managermodule 152 includes a session/connection monitoring module 605, anapplication profiler module 610, a security level advancement module615, a security action module 620 and a time limit determination module625. In one embodiment, each module is implemented as softwareinstructions stored on a computer readable medium.

The session/connection monitoring module 605 monitors applications 150or network traffic or to detect when new applicationsessions/connections are established between any of the clients 105 andany of the applications 150. Once a new application session/connectionis detected, the session/connection monitoring module 605 maintains asession/connection counter for the session/connection that indicates theduration of the session. A separate session/connection counter ismaintained for each session/connection so that the duration of thesessions/connections can be separately tracked. At any given time thesession/connection monitoring module 605 may be monitoring multiplesessions/connections for multiple applications 150. Thesession/connection monitoring module 605 can also identify the type ofapplication 150 for which the application session/connection isestablished.

The application profiler module 610 implements a learning process tocapture time durations of sessions/connections and to generatesession/connection duration data for the application security profiles154. In one embodiment, the application profiler module 610 captures thesession/connection durations for the sessions/connections of anapplication 150. The session/connection durations are processed togenerate session/connection duration data for the application 150.Examples of session/connection duration data include: (1) the shortestobserved duration of the application sessions/connections (2) thehighest observed duration of the application sessions/connections (3)the average observed duration of the application sessions/connections(4) the actual durations of the application sessions/connections, andany other relevant duration data. The session/connection duration datais then stored into an application security profile for the application150. The process is repeated for different applications 150 so that eachapplication 150 has its own unique application security profile.

The application profiler module 610 can also capture hack stateinformation indicating whether a session/connection is considered hackedor not, which is stored into the application security profiles inassociation with the session/connection durations. A session/connectionis considered hacked, for example, if a hacker has been triggeringhoneypots within the system or other security sensors have beentriggered.

Time limit determination module 625 accesses the session/connectionduration data in the application security profiles and uses the data todetermine security time limits separating one security tier from thenext security tier. The security time limits for an application arederived from the session/connection duration data for that applicationonly. Thus, the security time limits for Application A 150A, thesecurity time limits for Application B 150B, and the security timelimits for Application C 150C will all be different.

The security time limits can be derived from the previously capturedsession/connection duration data using pre-determined mathematicalformulas. The security time limits for sessions are computed fromsession duration data, and the security time limits for connections arecomputed from connection duration data. For example, the security timelimits for sessions of an application can be computed as multiples(e.g., 2×, 6×, 8×, 10×) of the average duration of the application'ssessions. As another example, the time limits for sessions of anapplication can computed as multiples of the longest observed sessionduration (e.g. 1×, 2×, 3×, 4×) of the application's sessions. Each typeof application 150 will thus have security time limits that bestreflects the session/connection characteristics of that particularapplication.

The time limit determination module 620 can also determine time limitsthat separate one security stage from another security stage using asimilar process. The hack state information may further be used to learnhow durations of normal sessions/durations differ from hackedsessions/connections, which in turn is used in setting of the securitytime limits.

The security level advancement module 210 controls advancement from onesecurity tier to the next. For a given session, the security leveladvancement module 210 compares the session/connection duration to thetime limits established for that session. Once the comparison indicatesthat the session/connection duration has reached a corresponding timelimit, the security level advancement module 210 advances the securitytier to a higher security tier.

In one embodiment, the duration of an application session/connection isan overall duration that is measured from the beginning of anapplication session. The time limits for each security tier are alsomeasured from the beginning of the application session. In anotherembodiment, the duration of an application session/connection can be apartial duration that represents the duration of an applicationsession/connection within a single security tier. The time limits canalso be maximum time limits of individual security tiers.

The security action module 620 executes or initiates various securityactions to secure the frontend servers 130, backend servers 135 anddatabase 140 against hacks by malicious sessions. As previouslyexplained, examples of security actions are IP lookups, activatinghoneypot sensors, session/connection isolation, deep packet inspection,containing sessions, security alerting, session/connection tracing andsession/connection recording. Different security actions are performedin each security tier and are triggered by the duration of thesession/connection reaching the time limits. In some embodiments, one ormore of the security actions can be performed on encrypted sessionsdata.

In one embodiment, the security action module 620 can initiate asecurity action by sending a security initiation request to an upstreamor downstream device, which then causes the other device to execute thesecurity action. For example, the router 115, firewall 120, loadbalancer 120, or backend server 135 may include functionality to performsecurity actions, which is activated by the security action module 620.The security action module 620 can also receive communications from theother devices with results of the security actions.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for profiling application sessions,according to an embodiment. The flowchart can represent operations ofthe session/connection manager module 152. In some embodiments the stepsof the flowchart may be performed in a different order than that shownin the figure.

In step 702, application sessions/connections for an application aredetected. In step 704, the durations of the sessions/connections aremonitored and captured. In step 706, session/connection duration data isgenerated from the captured session/connection durations. Thesession/connection duration data is stored into an application securityprofile in association with the application. In step 708, oncesufficient session/connection duration data is available for thepreviously established sessions/connections, the security profile isaccessed and security time limits are determined from thesession/connection duration data in the security profile. The securitytime limits indicate the time boundaries between one security tier andanother security tier.

The process in FIG. 7 is repeated several times for differentapplications (e.g. 150A, 150B, 150C) to generate a large set ofapplication security profiles and different security time limits foreach application that divide security for the application into differentsecurity tiers representing increasing levels of security risk.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for session/connection splittingsecurity, according to an embodiment. The flowchart can representoperations of the session/connection manager module 152 that typicallyoccur after the flowchart of FIG. 7. In some embodiments the steps ofthe flowchart may be performed in a different order than that shown inthe figure.

In step 805, an application session/connection established between aclient 105 and application 150 is detected. In step 810, an application150 corresponding to the application session/connection is identified.In step 825, the duration of the application session/connection ismonitored. In step 830, the security level for the applicationsession/connection is increased over time as the duration of theapplication session/connection reaches the security time limitsdetermined for that application. Step 830 can be divided into severalsubsteps 840-870.

In step 840, security is initially set to the lowest security tier, suchas security tier A 202. During the lowest security tier A 202, a minimalnumber of security actions defined by a minimal set of security rulesare performed.

In step 845, the session/connection duration is compared to an initialsecurity time limit. In step 850, if the session/connection duration hasreached the initial security time limit, security is increased tosecurity tier B 204. During security tier B 204, basic security actionsdefined by a set of basic security rules are triggered and applied tothe application session/connection. The basic security actions areapplied by executing the basic security actions against the applicationsession/connection.

In step 855, the session/connection duration is compared to a basicsecurity time limit. In step 860, if the session/connection duration hasreached the basic security time limit, security is increased to securitytier C 206. During security tier C 206, intermediate security actionsdefined by a set of intermediate security rules are triggered andapplied to the application session/connection. The intermediate securityactions are applied by executing the basic intermediate security actionsagainst the application session/connection.

In step 865, the session/connection duration is compared to anintermediate security time limit. In step 870, if the session/connectionduration has reached the intermediate security time limit, security isincreased to security tier D 208. During security tier D 208, advancedsecurity actions defined by a set of advanced security rules aretriggered and applied to the application session/connection. Theadvanced security actions are applied by executing advanced securityactions against the application session/connection.

The process shown in FIG. 8 can be repeated for each applicationsession/connection established between any of the clients 105 and any ofthe applications 150A, 150B or 150C, thereby providing time basedsecurity against hackers that is tailored to each application 150A, 150Bor 150C.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may have the following advantages.Profiling application sessions/connections enables more intelligence formaking better security decisions. Correlating applicationsessions/connections to security tiers can allow for higher enlightenedsecurity and decision making based. Increased analytics of thecorrelated data allows for timely reactions and containment of an issuebefore it turns into a full network compromise. Profiling an applicationfor security integration with all the devices in the datacenter improveson containing hackers control in a network. Time stagedsessions/connections open new levels of security analysis. Deeperanalytics can be done as hackers have to repeat their hacks over andover to get access to a platform. The more a system is hacked, thegreater the opportunity for sensors to pick up a hole in theapplication, OS or protocol that can be plugged.

FIG. 9 illustrates the hardware architecture of a computing device, suchas a firewall 115, router 120, load balancer 125, client device 105,frontend server 130, or backend server 135, according to one embodiment.In one embodiment, the computing device is a computer includingcomponents such as a processor 902, a memory 903, a storage module 904,an input module (e.g., keyboard, mouse, and the like) 906, a displaymodule 907 and a communication interface 905, exchanging data andcontrol signals with one another through a bus 901. The storage module904 is implemented as one or more non-transitory computer readablestorage media (e.g., hard disk or solid state drive), and storessoftware instructions 940 (e.g. modules) that are executed by theprocessor 902 in conjunction with the memory 903 to implement thesecurity features described herein. An example of software instructionscan be software code or program code. Operating system software andother application software may also be stored in the storage module 904to run on the processor 902.

Upon reading this disclosure, those of skill in the art may appreciatestill additional alternative designs for session/connection splittingsecurity. Thus, while particular embodiments and applications of thepresent disclosure have been illustrated and described, it is to beunderstood that the disclosure is not limited to the preciseconstruction and components disclosed herein. Various modifications,changes and variations which may be apparent to those skilled in the artmay be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the method andapparatus of the present disclosure herein without departing from thespirit and scope of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer implemented method comprising:monitoring an active session duration of a first application sessionestablished between the first client and the first application;executing a first security action against the first application sessionresponsive to the active session duration of the first applicationsession reaching a first security time limit associated with the firstapplication; and executing a second security action against the firstapplication session responsive to the active session duration of thefirst application session reaching a second security time limitassociated with the first application, wherein the second security timelimit has a duration longer than the first security time limit, andwherein the second security action is different from the first securityaction.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: monitoring activesession durations of a plurality of application sessions correspondingto the first application to generate session duration data; anddetermining at least the first security time limit based on the sessionduration data for the plurality of application sessions.
 3. The methodof claim 1, further comprising: detecting a second application sessionestablished between a second client and a second application of thefirst client; monitoring an active session duration of the secondapplication session established between the second client and the secondapplication; executing the first security action against the secondapplication session responsive to the active session duration of thesecond application session reaching a third security time limitassociated with the second application; and executing the secondsecurity action against the second application session responsive to theactive session duration of the second application session reaching afourth security time limit associated with the second application, thefourth security time limit longer than the third security time limit. 4.The method of claim 1, wherein one of the first security action or thesecond security action comprise isolating the first application sessionfrom other application sessions associated with the first client.
 5. Themethod of claim 4, wherein the isolating of the first applicationsession comprises moving the first application session to a secondclient.
 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the isolating of the firstapplication session comprises maintaining the first application sessionon the first client and preventing the other application sessions frombeing established with the first client.
 7. The method of claim 1,wherein the first application session is a session of an Open SystemsInterconnect (OSI) session layer.
 8. A system comprising: one or moreprocessors; a non-transitory computer readable medium storinginstructions, the instructions when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations of:monitoring an active session duration of a first application sessionestablished between the first client and the first application;executing a first security action against the first application sessionresponsive to the active session duration of the first applicationsession reaching a first security time limit associated with the firstapplication; and executing a second security action against the firstapplication session responsive to the active session duration of thefirst application session reaching a second security time limitassociated with the first application, wherein the second security timelimit has a duration longer than the first security time limit, andwherein the-second security action is different from the first securityaction.
 9. The system of claim 8, the operations further comprising:monitoring active session durations of a plurality of applicationsessions corresponding to the first application to generate sessionduration data; and determining at least the first security time limitbased on the session duration data for the plurality of applicationsessions.
 10. The system of claim 8, the operations further comprising:detecting a second application session established between a secondclient and a second application of the first client; monitoring anactive session duration of the second application session establishedbetween the second client and the second application; executing thefirst security action against the second application session responsiveto the active session duration of the second application sessionreaching a third security time limit associated with the secondapplication; and executing the second security action against the secondapplication session responsive to the active session duration of thesecond application session reaching a fourth security time limitassociated with the second application, the fourth security time limitlonger than the third security time limit.
 11. The system of claim 8,wherein one of the first security action or the second security actioncomprise isolating the first application session from other applicationsessions associated with the first client.
 12. The system of claim 11,wherein the isolating of the first application session comprises movingthe first application session to a second client.
 13. The system ofclaim 11, wherein the isolating of the first application sessioncomprises maintaining the first application session on the first clientand preventing the other application sessions from being establishedwith the first client.
 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the firstapplication session is a session of an Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)session layer.
 15. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprisingmemory with instructions encoded thereon, the instructions, whenexecuted by one or more processors, causing the one or more processorsto perform operations, the instructions comprising instructions to:monitor an active session duration of a first application sessionestablished between the first client and the first application; executea first security action against the first application session responsiveto the active session duration of the first application session reachinga first security time limit associated with the first application; andexecute a second security action against the first application sessionresponsive to the active session duration of the first applicationsession reaching a second security time limit associated with the firstapplication, wherein the second security time limit has a durationlonger than the first security time limit, and wherein the secondsecurity action is different from the first security action.
 16. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, the instructionsfurther comprising instructions to: monitor active session durations ofa plurality of application sessions corresponding to the firstapplication to generate session duration data; and determine at leastthe first security time limit based on the session duration data for theplurality of application sessions.
 17. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 15, the instructions furthercomprising instructions to: detect a second application sessionestablished between a second client and a second application of thefirst client; monitor an active session duration of the secondapplication session established between the second client and the secondapplication; execute the first security action against the secondapplication session responsive to the active session duration of thesecond application session reaching a third security time limitassociated with the second application; and execute the second securityaction against the second application session responsive to the activesession duration of the second application session reaching a fourthsecurity time limit associated with the second application, the fourthsecurity time limit longer than the third security time limit.
 18. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein one of thefirst security action or the second security action comprise isolatingthe first application session from other application sessions associatedwith the first client.
 19. The non-transitory computer-readable mediumof claim 18, wherein the isolating of the first application sessioncomprises moving the first application session to a second client. 20.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein theisolating of the first application session comprises maintaining thefirst application session on the first client and preventing the otherapplication sessions from being established with the first client.